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Pausinystalia johimbe
''Pausinystalia johimbe'', (Rubiaceae), common name Yohimbe, is a plant species native to western and central Africa (Nigeria, Cabinda, Cameroon, Congo-Brazzaville, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea).〔(Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Pausinystalia johimbe )〕 Extracts from yohimbe have been used in traditional medicine in West Africa as an aphrodisiac and have been marketed as dietary supplements〔 The active ingredient in the extract, yohimbine, is a veterinary drug and has been studied as a potential treatment for erectile dysfunction but there is insufficient evidence to rate its effectiveness.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Yohimbe: MedlinePlus Supplements )〕
==Description==
Yohimbe is one of five ''Pausinystalia'' species, which are evergreen. It grows in West and Central Africa in lowland forests. The tree grows about 30m tall, with a straight bole that is rarely larger that 50-60 cm in diameter. The bark is grey to reddish-brown, with longitudinal fissures. It is easy to peel and bitter-tasting. The inner bark is pinkish and fibrous. The sapwood is yellowish and the heartwood is ochre-yellow; the wood is fine-grained and relatively dense and moderately hard. The leaves grow in groups of three, with short (about 2 cm) stems. The blades are oval-shaped, 11-47 cm long and 5 - 17 cm wide. 〔R.b. Jiofack Tafokou. Pausinystalia johimbe. pp 516-519 in Timbers Volume 2; Volume 7 of Plant Resources of Tropical Africa. Eds. Lemmens, R.H.M.J., Louppe, D. & Oteng-Amoako, A.A., G.J.H Grubben. PROTA Foundation, 2012. ISBN 9789290814955〕
The demand for yohimbe bark has led to over-exploitation and possible long-term endangerment. Cameroon is the biggest exporter.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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